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High Risk Pregnancy
Obstetrics

High Risk Pregnancy

All pregnancies carry a risk of complications, but the chances of something happening are usually very low. If the chances that you will experience a particular problem are greater than normal, you will be identified as having a high risk pregnancy.

A high risk pregnancy is one in which the risk of certain complications is higher than normal. Although the chances of anything happening can still be low, your doctor will want to keep a closer eye on you.

Having a higher risk pregnancy doesn’t necessarily mean that you will experience complications. Most women will go on to give birth without any problems. However, it is important to know when you are at risk so that you can take precautions and get treatment when needed.

Risk Factors

You may be identified as having a high risk pregnancy because you have a pre-existing health condition such as high blood pressure or diabetes that could affect your pregnancy, are a very young mother or are over the age of 35, are overweight or underweight, have had complications in previous pregnancies, are expecting twins or more, or develop a condition such as preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, or placenta previa during your pregnancy.

Obstetrician-Led Care

If you are having a higher risk pregnancy, you may need additional care from an obstetrician. You may have a single consultation to discuss a specific complication, or an obstetrician may take charge of your antenatal care entirely. Your care will be tailored to your specific needs, including additional monitoring, consultations, ultrasound scans, or screening tests as necessary.

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Obstetrics

Multiple Delivery

If you are expecting twins or more, you may need specialized obstetric care. Multiple births carry higher risks of complications during pregnancy and labor.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Common Questions

Pregnancies are classified as high risk due to pre-existing medical conditions (diabetes, hypertension, thyroid disease, autoimmune disorders), pregnancy complications (preeclampsia, IUGR, placenta praevia), or obstetric history (previous preterm birth, stillbirth, Caesarean section, recurrent miscarriage), among other factors.

High-risk pregnancies are managed with more frequent consultations, closer ultrasound surveillance, additional blood tests, specialist co-management where appropriate, and a tailored delivery plan. The goal is early detection of any complications and optimal management throughout.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) describes a baby growing below the 10th centile for gestational age, often due to placental insufficiency. Serial growth scans, Doppler blood flow assessment, and timely delivery u2014 when the risk of continued in utero growth restriction outweighs prematurity risk u2014 form the management strategy.

Pre-eclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterised by high blood pressure and organ involvement (typically kidneys, liver, or neurological). It develops after 20 weeks and can progress rapidly. Symptoms include severe headache, visual changes, significant swelling, and upper abdominal pain u2014 all requiring immediate assessment.

Many women with high-risk pregnancies deliver vaginally. The delivery plan is individualised based on the specific condition, gestational age, and clinical status at term. Caesarean section is recommended when the condition specifically contraindicates vaginal delivery.

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