Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) occurs when fluid-filled sacs form in the ovaries due to follicles failing to develop properly. The exact causes remain unclear but are often linked to elevated male hormone levels, particularly testosterone.
Common symptoms include irregular menstruation, fertility challenges, excessive facial and body hair growth, thinning scalp hair, and oily or acne-prone skin. Women with PCOS face increased risk for high cholesterol and type 2 diabetes.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves symptom assessment, blood tests to measure male hormones, and ultrasound imaging to identify ovarian follicles. It is particularly important to find out what is causing menstrual problems as they could affect your fertility.
Treatment
While no cure currently exists, management strategies include lifestyle modifications such as improved nutrition and regular exercise, along with weight management. Medications can address irregular periods, acne, and hair concerns. For fertility challenges, laparoscopic ovarian drilling may be recommended to reduce male hormone-producing tissue.
Early consultation with specialists for any menstrual irregularities or PCOS symptoms is encouraged to optimize treatment outcomes.
